Thich Nhat Hanh

The Buddha's first teaching was given to a group of children from a 
small village near the tree of his enlightenment. As Thich Nhat Hanh 
describes, the Buddha made his teachings accessible to them through 
the experience of eating a tangerine.


SIDDHARTHA [THE BUDDHA] quietly gestured for the children to 
sit back up and he said, "You are all intelligent children and I am sure 
you will be able to understand and practice the things I will share with 
you. The Great Path I have discovered is deep and subtle, but anyone
willing to apply his or her heart and mind can understand and follow it.

"When you children peel a tangerine, you can eat it with awareness or 
without awareness. What does it mean to eat a tangerine in awareness? 
When you are eating the tangerine, you are aware that you are eating 
the tangerine. You fully experience its lovely fragrance and sweet taste. 
When you peel the tangerine, you know that you are peeling the 
tangerine; when you remove a slice and put it in your mouth, you know 
that you are removing a slice and putting it in your mouth; when you 
experience the lovely fragrance and sweet taste of the tangerine, you are 
aware that you are experiencing the lovely fragrance and sweet taste of 
the tangerine. The tangerine Nandabala offered me had nine sections. I 
ate each morsel in awareness and saw how precious and wonderful it 
was. I did not forget the tangerine and thus the tangerine became 
something very real to me If the tangerine is real, the person eating it is 
real. That is what it means to eat a tangerine in awareness.

"Children, what does it mean to eat a tangerine without awareness? 
When you are eating the tangerine, you do not know that you are eating 
the tangerine. You do not experience the lovely fragrance and sweet 
taste of the tangerine. When you peel the tangerine, you do not know 
that you are peeling the tangerine; when you remove a slice and put it in 
your mouth, you do not know that you are removing a slice and putting 
it in your mouth; when you smell the fragrance or taste the tangerine, 
you do not know that you are smelling the fragrance and tasting the 
tangerine. Eating a tangerine in such a way, you cannot appreciate its 
precious and wonderful nature. If you are not aware that you are eating 
the tangerine, the tangerine is not real. If the tangerine is not real, the 
person eating it is not real either. Children, that is eating a tangerine 
without awareness.

"Children, eating the tangerine in mindfulness means that while eating 
the tangerine you are truly in touch with it. Your mind is not chasing 
after thoughts of yesterday or tomorrow, but is dwelling fully in the 
present moment. The tangerine is truly present. Living in mindful 
awareness means to live in the present moment, your mind and body 
dwelling in the very here and now.

"A person who practices mindfulness can see things in the tangerine 
that others are unable to see. An aware person can see the tangerine tree, 
the tangerine blossom in the spring, the sunlight and rain which 
nourished the tangerine. Looking deeply, one can see ten thousand 
things which have made the tangerine possible. Looking at a tangerine, 
a person who practices awareness can see all the wonders of the 
universe and how all things interact with one another. Children, our 
daily life is just like a tangerine. Just as a tangerine is comprised of 
sections, each day is comprised of twenty four hours. One hour is like 
one section of tangerine. Living all twenty-four hours of a day is like 
eating all the sections of a tangerine. The path I have found is the path 
of living each hour of the day in awareness, mind and body always 
dwelling in the present moment. The opposite is to live in forgetfulness. 
If we live in forgetfulness, we do not know that we are alive. We do not 
fully experience life because our mind and body are not dwelling in the 
here and now.'